Now is not a good time to be a bank.
Losses on residential construction loans and the ongoing credit crunch has hit banks of all shapes and sizes, from super-regionals like SunTrust Banks and Wachovia, to community banks like Alpha Bank & Trust in Alpharetta. And with debt financing more difficult to obtain, banks are struggling to raise capital.
Investors have taken note of banks’ problems. On Monday, SunTrust shares fell to $30.92, their lowest price since September 1995. Shares of First Horizon National Corp., the biggest bank in Tennessee, at one point Monday dropped to $5.88, its lowest since September 1991.
Other banks are also struggling mightily. Shares of Wachovia, BB&T Corp. and National City Corp. of Ohio have all declined this year. Shares of Washington Mutual Inc., the biggest U.S. savings and loan, have fallen 85 percent in the past 12 months. Fifth Third Bancorp shares have dropped 69 percent in the same period.
Deal Watch Blog spoke with Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough partner Brennan Ryan about the state of the banking industry. Ryan, whose clients have included Congaree State Bank of South Carolina and Atlantic Southern Bank of Macon, Ga., said the worst isn’t over and he expects some Georgia banks to fail this year. Here is an edited transcript of the discussion.
Why is now such a bad time for banks?
A multitude of reasons. One is the credit crunch, which created the mortgage crisis, which then created a lack of demand for developed properties. Also, the Fed’s rapid reduction in interest rates caused a margin squeeze for banks. Banks make money on the difference between what they lend out and what they have to pay their depositors. With the Fed’s rate reductions, banks’ loan rates re-set faster than their deposits.
Think of it this way: If you have a construction loan with a customer that’s at a prime rate, it resets when the Fed changes the prime rate. It will work itself out over time, as certificates of deposit and other borrowings re-set over time. It should spread back out where the banks can make money, but in 2008, banks have got credit and demand problems combined with very tight margins.
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